Plants

0. Introduction.

Look at the diagram about plants. Think of the missing words. Then, in your notebook, write complete sentences using the information available. 

1. Parts of a plant.

Most plants have three parts: the roots, the stem and the leaves. 

2. Classification of plants.

3. Plant nutrition. 

A. Photosynthesis: 

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make their own food.

* - Raw sap: savia bruta.
   - Elaborated sap: savia elaborada.
   - Xylem vessels: vasos leñosos o xilema.
   - Phloem vessels: vasos liberianos o floema.
   - Stomas: estomas.

B. Respiration

C. Nutrition and respiration in the day and at night. 

Video1: https://m.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=D1Ymc311XS8

Video2: https://youtu.be/yHVhM-pLRXk 

Video 3: https://youtu.be/3pD68uxRLkM

4. Sexual reproduction in plants.

A. Reproduction in flowering plants.

It takes place inside the flower. Flowers are the reproductive organs in most plants and have male and female reproductive organs.

*Stamen: estambre /anther: antera /filament: filamento /pollen: polen
*Pistil: pistilo /stigma: estigma /style: estilo /ovary: ovario / ovule: óvulo

https://media.giphy.com/media/xT0BKpA0mVdETyEHMQ/giphy.gif

- POLLINATION OF FLOWERS:

Videos:
- Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants: https://youtu.be/CkBNEM2mD30
- Plant reproduction: Pollination and fertilisation:  https://youtu.be/YqM6rgB_l_o
- Parts of a flower and Pollination | The Dr. Binocs Show: https://youtu.be/djPVgip_bdU


Wind, insects and other agents can accidentally transport pollen from one flower to another.
There are two types of pollination:
- Self-pollination (auto-polinización).
- Cross-pollination (polinización cruzada).

B. Reproduction in non-flowering plants:
Non-flowering plants don´t have flowers or seeds. So, they use spores to reproduce. Ferns reproduce this way.

5. Asexual reproduction in plants.
Many plants that grow flowers and seeds can also reproduce through fragmentation. In fragmentation, a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant.

There are different types of fragments in asexual reproduction:
- Stolons (estolón).
- Tubers (tubérculos).
- Bulbs (bulbos).
- Rhizomes (rizomas).
- Cuttings.

Exam Questions

 1.      Name the main characteristics of plants. 

       2.      What is the function of the stem/flower/seed/root/leaves?

       3.      What are the two main groups of plants?

       4.      What two groups can flowering plants be divided into? 

       5.      What two group can non-flowering plants be divided into?

       6.      What is photosynthesis?

       7.      What three things does a plant need to carry out photosynthesis?

       8.      In the process of photosynthesis which gas is released into the atmosphere?

       9.      How do plants make nutrients?

      10.  What is the difference between raw sap and elaborated sap?

      11.  What gases do plants absorb and  release during respiration?

      12.  Can photosynthesis occur during the day and at night? Why/why not?

      13.  When does photosynthesis occur?

      14.  Does respiration occur during the day and at night? Why/why not?

      15.  What part of a flowering plant is the reproductive organ?

      16.  What is the male reproductive organ  known as?

      17.  What is the female reproductive organ  known as?

      18.  What are the two types of pollination?

      19.  Name four types of asexual reproduction by fragmentation?

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